No first hand experience, but I do work as a clinical pharmacist at a hospital.
5mg is about the lowest dose prescribed to adults. These doses are not intended to treat hypertension, and are usually taken as needed for anxiety (ie taken immediately prior to giving a presentation).
Taking a low dose of the immediate release formulation should minimize/avoid the potential side effects for athletes since the effects are dose dependent and the duration of effect will be shorter (6+ hrs).
At higher doses (80mg+ daily) of the long acting formulation, propranolol would be antagonistic to endurance training: reducing max HR and inhibiting the ability to elevate HR during exercise, as well as reducing the strength of the heart’s contractions. These are the reasons BBs are effective at treating hypertension (although there are better medications with fewer side effects for that). BBs main medical benefit is in reducing the oxygen demand of cardiac muscle and stress on the heart in patients with cardiac disease. Additionally, BBs can also cause issues in people with Asthma, making it difficult for the smooth muscle of the lungs to relax.
At higher doses, metrics for recovery like resting HR would become suspect. I’d say if you are experiencing less stress overall and sleeping better and most importantly feel recovered, you probably are recovering better. The drug is not accelerating any recovery processes.
I would avoid taking the propranolol prior to exercise. If you have to take it before, I’d try and wait 6 hours before exercising and take note of how you feel with and without taking a dose beforehand so you can properly space it out.
Propranolol is considered a PED in some sports due to it’s ability to calm nerves and shaky hands. Beneficial in sports requiring fine motor movements under pressure, but detrimental in endurance sports (I’m sure it’s be trialed in the biathalon).
As far as long term effects of Beta blockers on athletic developement, I’m sure that depends on the dose but I’m not aware of any studies.
Hope, that helps.