GSSI(Gatorade Sports Science Institute): Translating Research into Nutrition Strategies to Support Athlete’s Mind, Gut and Body

Resting Metabolic Rate changes across the menstrual cycle. RMR and BF don’t increase during Phase I or phase IV of cycle. Do not assume female athletes follow regular menstrual cycles unless confirmed by serum test. There is a significant differences between individual females.
Dr Eric Rawson, PhD
Creatine and the Brain
Creatine MONOHYDRATE
years of research 3-5g/day for 30 days or 20g/day for 5 days
roughly increases muscle creatine 20% and brain creatine 5 to 10%
Fuel: Phosphocreatine PCr/glycogen increases and PcR re-synthesis
Changes in gene expression, growth factors, and satellite cells/cellular swelling and hyperhydration

Muscle vs Brain
Brain uptake is regional
not easy to deplete brain creatine
Creatine supplementation in concussion and Traumatic Brain Injury is VERY promising, creatine seems to have a neuroprotective role. In TBI brain creatine decreases. Creatine Transport appears to be between brain cells,
suggestion to dose on muscle mass, excess in excreted in urine

Dr Mary Miles, PhD
Gut Probiotics GI Health and Nutrition Absorption

Immune Defense, and Barrier function.
1.5 kg bacteria (10 to the 13th)
Prebiotics, dietary fiber. polyphenols, and N-3 Fatty acids
Challenges to the gut during exercise: hypoxia, barrier function, leaky gut leads to inflammation.
Degradation of tight junctions
mild endotoxemia leaky gut
inflammation
Heat exasperates this increase in lymphocytes, and leukocytes
single strain no improvement, multi-strain less than 6 weeks, no improvement, multi-strain 12-14 weeks, seems to show some improvement

-Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium decrease inflammation and Ph, decreases zonulin = decrease in tight junction degradation (leaky gut Sx) Research seems to indicate that endurance athletes may have decrease in Respiratory Infections RTI with 12 weeks of multistrain

Dr Stella Volpe
Muscle Magnesium and Muscle Function
4th most abundant mineral in the body, 2nd most intra-cellular
ionized is the best way to test. Blood serum lags behind in measuring deficiency
WHO states 80% of world population is some level deficient.
Mg supplementation only works if deficient.
Dates are great source, non animal, and non refined. Eating peels of fruits, veggies, potatoes.
Best supplementation form: Mg Glycinate, others Mg Citrate, Mg Lactate, Mg Aspartate, Mg Chloride
The worst, and also most Rx: Mg Oxides, and Mg Sulfates. Why? Not bio-available, and oxides cause diarrhea. Cheap which is why Rx.

Graeme L. Close
Paper to Podium: Transitional Potential of Sports Nutrition Research:
1. Research Context
2. Participants Characteristics
3. Research Design
4. Dietary Controls
5. Validity and Reliability
6. Data Analysis and Summery
7. Feasibility of Application
8. Risks and Reward.

These are all the things to look at before taking a research article mainstream.